palmer



(No` Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. C. PALMER.

MAGHINE-FOR FORMING SGYTHES.

No. 299,675. PatentedJune's, 1884.

ATTORNEYS.

N. PETERS. Phmmumngmphyr. wnxhmgmn. D. C.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sleet 2.

L. G. PALMER.

MAGHINBPOR PORMING SGYTHES.

ATTORNEYS'.

N ITE li STATES LUGIUS C. PALMER, OF BALLSTON SPA, NEW YORK.

`lvlAel-nne FOR FORMING SCYTHES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.7299,675, dated June 3, 1884.

Application iil'ed September 21, 1883. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, LUoiUs G. PALMER, of Ballston Spa, in the county of Saratoga and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved. Machine for Forming Scytheorn-w Knife, and Similar Blades, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

y My invention consists of arrangements of mechanism for swaging scythe,cornknife, and other like blades in uniform shape from back to edge, and true taper from heel to point,and so as to avoid the thick and thin places common in the blades made by plating` with a hammer, the said mechanism being constructed and arranged as hereinafter described.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specication, in which similar letters of reference'indicate corresponding parts in all the gures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved swaging-machine with a part broken out. Fig. 2 is a plan view with a part in section. Figs. 3 and 4 are details of an eccentric device employed to shift the die on which the blades are swaged to produce the taper of the blades from heel to point. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the machine. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the apparatus employed for adjusting the bed-die. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the oscillating die and the means for working it; and Figs. 8, 9,10 andA 1l are details of a clutch device employed for connecting the driving-gear and for workin g the shaping-dies for bending the blanks to produce the curve from heel to point preparatory to rolling the same. I

\ I use an oscillating die, a, and a bed-die or anvil, b, to roll the blades, and beginning at the heel I roll the blank crosswise from back to edge,=s hifting the blank along on the beddie by hand after each pass,- a'nd causing the beddie to rise slightly at the same time and to advance toward the back gage, Zyto reduce the blade in thickness from-heel to point and from edge to back. The oscillating die is suspended from a sliding block, c, by a pivot, d. The block is fitted in slideways d in the, under side of the cap e, and is connected by rod f with the crank g of the main shaft h. The oscillating die a, is also connected with the arm z' of the rodf by a` coiled spring, j, or it may be any equivalent device. The said arm t' projects downward from theend of rod f that is jointed to the slide c, so as to swing toward and from the die a by the vibrations of the rod f, caused by the crank, and the spring j is connected to thedie a, near its lower end, so that said die will be mad'e to swing forward and backward as the arm iswings. The object of this arrangement is to employ the spring to throw the oscillating die forward and upward, as indicated in Fig. 7, to clear the blank when sliding back to the startingpoint for the be ginning of the passes, which it will be seen is effected by the downward movement of crank g at the beginning of the back-stroke. Before the slide c arrives at the end of the back-` stroke, but after the die has passed back over the blank, the lower end of the die c stops against a stud, 7c, where it is held until the crank rises on the forward stroke. The use of this projection or stud k is as follows: It was found that the durability of the spring would be very much greater .if some device could be made to extend the spring during the backward movement of the oscillating die about one-half or one-fourth the amount that it was compressed in the forward movement of the die. The stop 7c was therefore placed on guide Z, directly behind the bed- `die b, and in the path of the oscillating die, for

the rear edge of said die to bear against and extend the spring and cause the face of the die c to press `upon the blank near to one side of said die when it commences its forward movement. When this part of the oscillating die becomes worn, it may be reversed and the other side used, as it is made wide enough for this purpose, as will be readily seen from the drawings. The taper of the blade from back to edge is produced by the rolling action of the upper die upon the lower, and by gradually lessening the distance between the two dies a taper from heel to toe is formed simultaneously with the taper from back to edge,

as will be fully understood froni this specilcaf tion', in connection with the drawings forming a part thereof. Tov raise the bed-die slightly after each pass of the oscillating die` to produce the taper of the blade from heel to point, the bed-die b is secured on a die-block, m, that is arranged on a wedge, n, up which IOO the die-block is to be shifted slightly each time the oscillating die makes a pass, the blank being also shifted lengthwise along the die. The wedge ais made adjustable by the rod y2, nut e, and bar to set it forward or backward, as may be required, for thicker or thin- 11er blades. The block m is shifted by the eccentric o on a shaft, p, that is turned by a ratchet-wheel, q, pawl s, and lever t through the chain y, and the lever t is worked by the slide c, which strikes a screw, u, fixed on the lever, every time it moves back. The screw is employed for the point of contact of the slide with the lever, in order that it may be shifted to vary the extent ot' the movement of the block and the rise of the die. The pawllever tis pivoted at I, or it maybe on thc ratehet-wheel stud e.

rllhe ratchet-wheel (l is pivoted on a studpin, e, of the housing, and has a hub, ui, to which a lever, a, attached to shaft p, is connected by a chain, y, for enabling said ratchetwheel to turn the eccentric o, as above stated. The stud c, connecting the chain to the lever, is adjustable along the slot a of the lever to vary the movement of the eccentric and the rise of the die by that means also when required.

To shift the die-block m back again preparatory to swaging a new blank, another lever, b', of shaftp is connected to a hub, e, of a friction-wheel, Z, by a strap or chain, c. Said friction-wheel is mounted on an eccentric, f, which in turn is mounted on a stud, g, of the housing, and connected by a stud, h, with the lever i', which, when pressed down by hand at the end of the long arm, will raise frictionwheel d up into contact with shaft j, by which the friction-wheel will be turned so as to shift eccentric o and move the die-block back.

To raise the pawl s out of the teeth of ratchet-wheel q automatically, for allowing the eecentric o to be thus turned back, the pawllever i; has a tripper, 7.2', pivoted at Z on an arm, m, of said lever, bent over said ratchet and down the side of it. This tripperis shifted under a stud, a', of the pawl by a stud-pin, o, set on the side of the ratchet-wheel,*which strikes the tripper on its lower side above its pivot, thereby rocking it and causing its upper face to act with a cam-action on the studpin a of the pawl, and raise said pawl out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchetwheel. rlhe stud-pin o is adjustable on the ratchet-wheel, and may be set for tripping the pawl earlier or later, according as the blades are long or short, and to throw back the tripper and allow the pawl to engage the ratchet again when the ratchet wheel turns back. Another stud-pin, p, is set in the side of said vratchet-wheel to strike the tripper on the other side and shift it back from under the stud-pin a of the pawl, to let the pawl fall into the teeth again.

For shaping the blanks to form the curves from heel to point preparatory to swaging them, I have arranged a stationary bendingdie, q, on the plate s', and a movable die, t, on the slide a', fixed in slotted ways o', under plate s', and connected by bar w with the lever Said lever is worked by a cam, y, on the part 1/3 of a clutch keyed fast to the main shaft 71. Said shaft remains at rest except when coupled to the continuously-running wheel ff" by clutch c', which coupling is effected at any time when required by a spring in box a2 whenever the lever b is pulled down from between the two parts of the clutch, where it is kept by a spring, c2. Said lever b2 has a tapered bit, (Z2, that wedges the two portions of the clutch aj and f." apart. The springfi, secured at one end to bar w and at the other end to stationary platef, pulls back the die t. The sliding part c of the clutch carries pins x", passing through part y, and engaging both notches in the side of wheel la to cause the rotation of the crank-shaft 7L to set the cam y and other parts of the machine in motion. The sliding part c is also formed with an ineline or cam-surface on its lower inner edge, the said incline heilig widest at the forward edge and gradually tapered back toward the center. 1When the lever bL is released the incline b* will, during the revolution of the clutch, come in contact with the point of the bit (Z2 of lever Z1?, thereby causing this incline b* to ride over the inclined side of the bit toward its widest end and force the sliding part z and its pins outward.- The blank is placed between these dies q t', which then close on and bend the blank to the required shape, after which it is placed on the bed-die to be rolled, said blank being gaged thereon by the curved gage Z, fixed adjustably on the housings a suitable distance back of the bed-die Z), as shown relatively to said die in Fig. 6. This guideZ is placed a suitable distance in rear of'die Z1, and is curved approximately to the curve of the said die Z. lVhcn this adjustment has been properly made, the heated blank is shaped in the bending-dies g Z, to be hereinafter described, and then placed upon the die b and against the guide Z, and is held in this position bythe operator. Besides bending the blank in these dies j t before placing it under the die a, the slide a is also made to operate a hammerdie, f/i, which I call a bunterj7 so as to press the rod against the face of the gageZ at each back motion ot' slide a and bend it to the shape of said die between the passes ofthe roller-die to cause the rod to retain the shape given to it by the dies q Z and prevent it from being pressed out of shape by said roller-die.

rlhc hannner-die g is attached to the upper end of a lever, h2, pivoted to the side of the bed-frame near the bottom, and extendingup past the slide l1M, so that a shoulder of said slide will strike said lever and cause the die r/i to strike the rod against the face of the gage Z or the end of an adjusting-screw, 7a2, of said gage. Vhile the oscillating die is returning elevated over the blank the hannncr-die fj strikes the blank close to said die, pressing IOO IIO

the blank against the curved guide Z. At this moment the oscillating die c bites upon the blank, and the hammer g2 is thrown back, and when the oscillating die has again operated and is returning,the operator moves the blank a few inches, when the hammer-die g2 again operates, causing the blank to retain the curvature given it by the bending-dies, and curving the small portion that was not shaped by the bending-dies. This is continued until the blank is completed.

The work of this machine is superior to that produced by the plating-hammer, in that the plate is even from back to edge, and is true in the taper from heel to point, there being no uneven or thick and thin places throughout the entire length, so that when the plate goes to the nishing-hammer, the dies of which are ground to cover a short section of the plate from back to edge, said dies will act alike on the blade from heel to point as the blade shifts along between them by the jars ofthe machine, whereas a thick spot in the plate will prev ent the finishing-hammer from properly hammering, refining, and condensing a thin spot adjacent thereto, so that when such blades are heated for hardening and tempering they will not heat evenly, and the temper will be uneven. The blades produced by this machine being more even and uniform in thickness will finish with much less grinding than the more uneven blades of the hammering process.

Having thus described my invention, .what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, in a swaging-machine, of a reciprocating oscillating die with an adjustable bed-die, substantially as set forth.v

2. 'Ihe combination, in a swaging-machine, of the oscillating die c, arranged on the reciprocating slide c, the bed or anvil die b, and a spring or analogous device for raising said oscillating die in its backward movement over the bed-die, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, in a swaging-machine, ofthe reciprocating oscillating die a, a beddie, a spring or analogous device for causing the oscillating die to clear the bed-die in its backward movement, and a stop in the path of the oscillating die for arresting said die iu its backward movement at a point over the blank for allowing said die to bite on the blank in its forward movement, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, in a swaging-machine, of the oscillating die a, sliding block c, having said oscillating die pivoted on it, the arm t', connected to the vibrating rod and the spring j, connecting said oscillating die c and arm t', substantially as described.

5. In a swaging-machine having an oscillating die, c, pivoted to areciprocating block, c, a die-block, m, mounted on an inclined bed, a, and connected to an eccentric, o, having intermittent rotary motion to raise or shift die b toward die a during the intervals between the passes of said oscillating die a, substantially as described.

6. In a swaging-machine having an oscillating die, c, pivoted ony a reciprocating slide, c,

the die-block m, 4arranged on an inclined bed,

a, and connected to`eccentric o on a shaft, p, having an arm, a', connected by a chain, y, to the hub of a ratchet-wheel, q, having a pawl, s, that is worked by the reciprocating slide c, substantially as described.

7. The tripper la on the vpawl-lever t, in combination with pawl s, having stud a, and with the stud-pins 0 and 19 of the ratchetwheel q, substantially as described.

8. rI he friction-wheel cZ, lever fi', drum c', strap e', arm Z1', and shaft j; in combination with the shaft p, having eccentric o,conneeted with die-block m, substantially as described.

9. The friction-wheel d', lever fZ, drum c', strap e', arm b', and shaft j', in combination with shaft p, having eccentric o, connected with die-block rm. and with the ratchet-wheel q, connected to said shaft p, and having the tripper k to its pawl s, substantially as described.

10. In a swaging=1nachine, the stationary bending-die q, movable bending-die t', slide a', connected thereto, pivoted lever m', rod fw', pivoted to the lower end of lever x and to Slide a', and a cam, y', for operating on the free end of the lever m', substantially as shown and described.

11. In a swaging-machine, the combination of the bending-dies q t and pivoted lever m', connected to the movable die thereof, with the shaft h, gear-wheel z3, clutch mechanism z w3 y, cam y,and lever b2, provided with awedgetongue,'cZ2, substantially .as set forth.

12. In a swaging-machine, the gage Z, in combination with the bed-die b and the oscillating die a, said oscillating die being arranged on a reciprocating slide, c, substantially yas described.

13. In a swaging-machine, the bunter g2, in combination with the gage Z, bed-die b, and the oscillating die a, said oscillating die being arranged on the reciprocating slide c, and the bunter being operated by the slide s', substantially as described.

14. The combination, in a swaging-machine, of thebed-die b, the oscillating die a, arranged on the reciprocating slide c, arm Z`of the vibrating rod f, spring j, connecting said die to said arm, and the stud k of the gage Z to stop the die a in the relation to die-b for allowing said die a to bite on the blank in the forward movement of the said die, substantially as described.

LUCIUS C. PALlWIER.

Vitnesses:

JOHN I. LEE, THOMAS KERLEY.

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